Sunday, November 12, 2023

Sermon for the Twenty-third Sunday after Trinity - Mt 22:15-22

 

Trinity 23

                                                                                                 Mt 22:15-22

                                                                                                11/12/23

 

          When I go to the mailbox, there is one piece of mail that I never want to see.  I dread the idea of it showing up in my mail.  I am referring to correspondence from the Internal Revenue Service. 

          I don’t want anything to do with the IRS. Now don’t get me wrong, I pay my taxes.  Every year, there is the great push in February and March to get them done so that they will be ready for tax day in April.  I do my best to be honest and accurate so that I pay what I owe.  But once I file my taxes, I don’t want to think about the IRS for another year.

          A letter from the IRS is generally not good news.  It could mean that there was some error in my taxes, and it turns out that I owe more than expected.  I could mean the dreaded notification that I am being audited.  I don’t want to hear from the IRS because most likely it will cost me time and money as I deal with a massive bureaucracy.

          The residents of the Roman province of Judea didn’t want to deal with the Roman tax administration either.  Like me, they didn’t want the hassle.  But there was a much more profound reason why they wanted nothing to do with it. 

          Roman taxation was the most direct way that the Jews in Judea experienced Roman rule.  It was a regular reminder that God’s people did not rule themselves.  Instead, they were ruled by Gentiles who worshipped false gods.  These pagans controlled the land of Israel.  The people longed to be freed from this foreign domination.  They wanted God to deliver them, just as he had rescued Israel from slavery in Egypt.

          During the reign of Herod the Great, and then his son Archelaus, the Jews in Palestine were not under direct Roman taxation. That changed in 6 A.D. when the Romans removed Archelaus and made Judea into a Roman province.  This meant the start of Roman rule and taxes.  The people were so upset that there was an uprising and the Romans had to send legionary troops stationed in Syria to restore order.

          This aversion to Roman taxation provides the background for our text this morning.  It takes place during Holy Week.  Jesus had entered into Jerusalem on Palm Sunday as he was acclaimed by the crowd.  Then, the Lord began to engage in a series of debates with the Jewish religious leaders.  At the end of the previous chapter he has told the parable of the vineyard in which he condemns them for rejecting Jesus. Then we read, “When the chief priests and the Pharisees heard his parables, they perceived that he was speaking about them. And although they were seeking to arrest him, they feared the crowds, because they held him to be a prophet.”

          The Pharisees were out to get Jesus.  In our text we learn, “Then the Pharisees went and plotted how to entangle him in his words.” They came up with a question that they were sure was a doozy.  They sent their disciples along with the Herodians who began by saying to Jesus, “Teacher, we know that you are true and teach the way of God truthfully, and you do not care about anyone's opinion, for you are not swayed by appearances.”  They praised Jesus as someone who was true to God and was not afraid to speak the truth, even if this received opposition.  Of course, this is the very thing they hoped that Jesus would do.

          So they asked, “Tell us, then, what you think. Is it lawful to pay taxes to Caesar, or not?”  The Pharisees must have been congratulating themselves about coming up with such a tricky and dangerous question.  They were sure that they had Jesus.  If Jesus said that they should not pay taxes, then they had reason to bring accusation against him before the Roman governor.  After all, one thing you did not do was to mess with the flow of income into the Roman empire.

          On the other hand, if Jesus said that they should pay taxes, then they also had Jesus.  Such an answer would discredit Jesus with his fellow Jews who were strongly opposed to paying taxes to Rome.  Either way that Jesus answered, they had him.

          Or so they thought.  Jesus knew exactly what they were doing. He said, “Why put me to the test, you hypocrites?”  Then he asked them to show him the coin used for the tax.  They brought him a denarius which was the standard unit of payment.  It was a coin that had the image of the Emperor Tiberius and bore the inscription, “Tiberius Caesar, son of the divine Augustus and High Priest.”

Jesus then asked them, “Whose likeness and inscription is this?” They said, “Caesar's.” Then he said to them, “Therefore render to Caesar the things that are Caesar's, and to God the things that are God's.”  Our Lord said that if the coin had Caesar’s image and inscription on it, then give it to him.  But he added that people needed to render to God the things that are God’s.  When his opponents heard this, they marveled. And they left him and went away.

Our Lord did not answer their question directly.  He did not deny the need to pay taxes.  Yet he framed this in a way that subordinates the matter to what we owe God.  St. Paul gives us a fuller treatment of this in Romans chapter 13 when he says, “Let every person be subject to the governing authorities. For there is no authority except from God, and those that exist have been instituted by God.”  We learn that the authorities have been placed by God to restrain sin and evil.  God works through them and so Paul says, “For because of this you also pay taxes, for the authorities are ministers of God, attending to this very thing.” 

We recognize that the government is the means by which God rules in our world to maintain order.  This is a blessing because we need sin to be controlled or else there would be chaos.  At the same time we certainly know that the government is not perfect.  After all, our government allows, and even promotes abortion. We therefore work through the means available to us in order to bring about changes. God’s will needs to guide our voting on those matters where his word speaks clearly.  We vote for candidates who support life, and not for those who defend and promote abortion.  Ultimately, we will not allow the government to force us to violate God’s will.  When the government tells us to do something that is contrary to God’s word, then we disobey and accept the consequences that result from this.

We do this because our Lord tells us that we must render to God the things that are God’s.  Of course, all things belong to God, including our own lives.  This means that our lives are to be devoted to him.  We are to fear, love, and trust in God above all things.

There are few things that we value more than our time and our money.  So are we rendering to God the things that are God’s?  Do you take time to pray each day? Do you take time to read God’s Word?  Do you take time to attend the Divine Service each Sunday?  How does the amount of time that you devote to God compare with the time you spend on sports, hobbies, and other activities that we want to do?

Are you rendering to the God the things that are God’s when it comes to your money?  How has the Lord blessed you beyond his promise of daily bread?  How does the wealth in your life surpass the needs of food, shelter and clothing?  As we experience this, are we returning to the Lord in our offering a portion that is commensurate with the blessings he gives us?  Are we using the wealth God provides in order further the work of the Gospel and to help the needs of those around us?

We often fail to render to God the things that are God’s.  We act in selfish ways as God takes second place … or doesn’t even come to mind.  Yet that is why the Lord Jesus was in Jerusalem during Holy Week.  Our Lord was there to render to God the things that are God’s.   He was there to provide the perfect and complete obedience that is so lacking in our life.

Jesus came to Jerusalem with a purpose.  Just before he entered the city he said, “See, we are going up to Jerusalem. And the Son of Man will be delivered over to the chief priests and scribes, and they will condemn him to death and deliver him over to the Gentiles to be mocked and flogged and crucified, and he will be raised on the third day.”

Jesus went to Jerusalem to die.  Our Lord said, “the Son of Man came not to be served but to serve, and to give his life as a ransom for many.”  He offered to God the things that are God’s as he offered himself as the perfect sacrifice for our sins.  He was obedient to the Father’s saving plan all the way to death – to death on the cross. 

Yet as Jesus predicted, that saving plan did not end in death.  On the third day God raised Jesus from the dead.  Through Christ’s resurrection God defeated death. He began the life that will be ours when Jesus returns in glory on the Last Day.

Through baptism you have shared in this saving death, and so are forgiven.  In the water of baptism, the Holy Spirit has given you new life.  He has made you a new creation in Christ. You are different because of the work of the Spirit.

This new life now seeks to live in ways that render to God the things that are God’s. God has given us everything in Christ.  He has given us forgiveness, salvation, and eternal life.  Our response now is to serve God.

The surprising thing is that God wants us to serve him by serving our neighbor.  God wants our praise and thanksgiving.  But he also wants us to love and support our neighbor.  So pray for those in your life who are having difficulties.  Be intentional about praying for the needs of others. It can be hard to remember everyone when you are in the act of prayer.  So make a list and keep updating it.  Use that list in your daily prayers.  Let intercessory prayer be an important part of your spiritual life.

You know how God has blessed you.  Let that blessing flow on through you to the assistance of others.  Give donations to help the advance of the Gospel such as the through the work of the Lutheran Heritage Foundation or Lutheran Seminary Uganda.  Support work on behalf of life through gifts to Clarity Women’s Care.  Assist children and youth in our area by donating funds that our youth will use to purchase Christmas gifts for those in foster care.  We render to God the things that are God’s as we help in these and many other ways.

In our text today the Pharisees think they have the perfect question with which they can trap Jesus.  He evades their trap by pointing them to what really matters – rendering to God the things that are God’s.  Our Lord does so as he is about to do this very thing himself. By his death on the cross Jesus obediently served the Father’s will.  He won forgiveness for us, and now as the risen Lord he has poured forth the Spirit who helps us to live in way that render to God the things that are God’s.

 

 

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